The purposes of this study are two folds: one is to examine the community sense, the cognition, participation and expection of the area development; the other is to identify the major factors affecting the community sense, the cognition, participation and expection of the area development. Four types of communities, a newly developed , a middle age, an old, and an outskirt, in Shilin, Taipei are chosen for study. There are 500 residents are interviewed, but only 386 samples are effective.