Objective. The objective of this study was to examine the health-promoting lifestyles and their relationships with health status, health concepts, and social acculturation among urban aboriginal women in Taipei. Methods. Aboriginal women who lived in the Beitou District of Taipei were interviewed with a structured questionnaire, including demographic information, health status, social acculturation, health concepts, and health-promoting lifestyles. The relationship between health-promoting lifestyles and other health-related characteristics were analyzed by ANOVA, Pearson ‘s correlation, and stepwise multivariate linear regression method. Results. A total of 169 aboriginal women completed the questionnaire survey. The standardized health status score was highest in physical functioning and lowest in vitality. The study women’s score in physical health was better than in mental health. This population had a moderate level of social acculturation; and a diverse but positive health concept. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that “vitality”, “frequency of church attendance”, and “physical functioning” were independently and positively associated with health-promoting lifestyles. Conclusion. These findings are important for nurses to develop health-promotion interventions for urban aboriginal women.