This book first explores 45 Luther’s hymns one by one, and further studies 34 arrangements of Luther’s hymns composed by later musician Bach. On the other hand, the book arranges Luther’s hymns in common Chinese edition in Taiwan from all the collected Chinese editions. Shown as statistics of the arrangement, the most frequently recorded one was A Mighty Fortress Is Our God. Therefore, this book takes the example of A Mighty Fortress Is Our God to explore in details from the aspects of musical analysis of Bach’s arrangement of A Mighty Fortress Is Our God, exploration of background of hymn composition, collection of German edition music books and comparison among Chinese editions and classification of rhythms. Then we arrange Shilin District of Taipei as the scope of study to explore the track of heritage of Luther’s hymns in Taiwan by adopting the method of questionnaire and interview.